Government Open Systems Interconnection Profile Users` Guide, Version 2

Tim Boland

Computer Systems Laboratory National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg, MD 20899 Supersedes NIST Special Publication 500-163 October 1991

USA Government Printing Office, Washington, 1991

TABLE OF CONTENTS

LIST OF FIGURES vii
LIST OF TABLES viii
FOREWORD ix
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Welcome1
1.2 Nature and Purpose of Guide 1
1.3 Brief History of OSI 2
1.4 Role of GOSIP 5
1.5 Format and Layout of Guide 5
1. 6 Acknowledgments 6

2.0 OVERVIEW FOR EXECUTIVES 7
2.1 Introduction 7
2.2 Economic Benefits 7
2.3 Functional Benefits 8
2.4 Planning Benefits 10
2.5 Summary and Direction 11
3.0 PERSPECTIVE ON GOSIP 12
3.1 Introduction 12
3.2 Steps to GOSIP 12
3.2.1 Standards Development 12
3.2.2 NIST/OSI Implementors` Workshops 13
3.2.3 MAP and TOP 16
3.3 GOSIP Summary 17
3.4 Future of GOSIP 19
3.5 International Cooperation 20

4.0 GOSIP QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 21

5.0 GOSIP APPLICABILITY ISSUES 28
5.1 Introduction 28
5.2 General GOSIP Applicability 28
5.3 Configuring a GOSIP System 29
5.4 Waivers and Policy Decisions 29
5.5 Gosip Enforcement Issues 32
5.6 Specific GOSIP Applicability Recommedations 32
5.7 Specific Concerns of Agencies 32
5.7.1 Functionality 33
5.7.2 Economic Considerations 33
5.7.3 Research vs. Operational 33

6.0 GOSIP PROCUREMENT 36
6.1 Introduction 36
6.2 OSI Procurement Summary 36
6.3 GOSIP-Related Procurement Recommendations 37 iii
6.4 Particular "Contract Language" for RFPs 38
6.4.1 Determining Requirements 38
6.4.2 Specific Language 39
6.5 Optional Procurement Considerations 41
6.5.1 File Transfer, Access, and Management (FTAM) 42
6.5.2 Message Handling System (MHS) Options 42
6.5.3 Virtual Terminal Options 43
6.5.4 ODA Options 43
6.5.5 Network Technology Options 43
6.5.6 CONS and CLTS 44
6.5.7 Service Interface Choices 44
6.5.8 Gateway Considerations 45
6.5.9 Presentation and Session 45
6.5.10 Future Considerations 45
6.6 Evaluation Process for Procurement 45
6.6.1 Conformance Testing 46
6.6.2 Interoperability Testing.46
6.6.3 Performance Testing 46
6.6.4 Functional Testing 46
6.6.5 GOSIP Testing Policy 46
6.7 Vendor Enhancements and Acquisition Strategies 48
6.8 Specific Examples of Procurement 48

7.0 TECHNICAL ISSUES 50
7.1 Introduction 50
7.2 OSI Reference Model Summary 50
7.3 Protocol Considerations 52
7.3.1 Association Control Service Element Protocol 52
7.3.2 FTAM Protocol 52
7.3.3 Message Handling Systems 52
7.3.4 Virtual Terminal Protocol 54
7.3.5 ODA 55
7.3.6 Presentation Layer 55
7.3.7 Session Layer 55
7.3.8 Transport Layer 56
7.3.8.1 Connection-Oriented Transport Protocol 56
7.3.8.2 Connectionless Transport Protocol 56
7.3.9 Network Layer 56
7.3.9.1 Connectionless Network Service 57
7.3.9.2 Connection-Oriented Network Service 57
7.3.10 Subnetwork Technologies 57
7.3.10.1 CSMA/CD (8802/3) 58
7.3.10.2 Token BUS (8802/4) 58
7.3.10.3 Token Ring (8802/5) 59
7.3.10.4 ISDN 59
7.3.10.5 Local Area Network Bridges 60
7.3.10.6 X.25 Wide Area Network Technology 60
7.4 Implementation Alternatives 60
7.4.1 General 61
7.4.2 MHS Implementation Choices 61
7.4.3 FTAM Implementation Choices 63
7.4.4 VT Implementaton Choices 65
7.4.5 Performance 67
7.5 Technical Information in Product Announcements 68
7.6 Gosip Application Information Flow 68
7.6.1 FTAM Example 68
7.6.2 Message Handling Systems (MHS) Example 69
7.6.3 VT Example 69
7.7 Future GOSIP Protocols and Services 70
7.7.1 Transaction Processing (TP) 70
7.7.2 Secure Data Network System (SDNS) 70
7.7.3 Network Management 71
7.7.4 Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) 71
7.7.5 IS-IS Routing Protocols 71
7.7.6 FTAM Extensions 72
7.7.7 X.400 (MHS) Extensions 72
7.7.8 Directory Services 72
7.7.9 Future Virtual Terminal Profiles 72
7.7.10 Transport Class 2 73
7.7.11 Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) 73
7.7.12 Remote Data Base Access 73
7.7.13 Manufacturing Message Specification (MMS) 73

8.0 REGISTRATION 74
8.1 Motivation for Registration 74
8.2 Theory of OSI Address Assignment 74
8.3 Network Service Access Point (NSAP) 76
8.3.1 Background and Importance 76
8.3.2 NSAP Format 78
8.3.3 Transport Service Access Point Selector 83
8.3.4 Session Service Access Point (SSAP) Selector 83
8.3.5 Presentation Service Access Point Selector 83
8.4 Organization Names 83
8.4.1 Background and Importance 83
8.4.2 PRMD Names 83
8.5 Application-Specific Object Registration 84
8.5.1 FTAM Document Type Name 84
8.5.2 Private Message Body Parts 85
8.5.3 Virtual Terminal Profiles and Control Objects 85
8.5.4 Other Registration Objects 85
8.6 Detailed Procedures for Registration 86
8.7 Summary 86

9.0 GOSIP TRANSITION STRATEGIES 87
9.1 Introduction 87
9.2 Perspective on the Process 87
9.3 The DOD Approach 89
9.3.1 ISODE and POSIX 90
9.3.2 DOD-OSI Multiprotocol Routers 90
9.3.3 Dual Protocol Hosts 90
9.3.4 Application-Layer Gateways 92
9.3.5 Dual Protocol Terminal Access Controller 92
9.3.6 Defense Message System 92
9.4 Other OSI Transition Concerns 92
9.5 Interoperability with Non-GOSIP OSI Systems 94
9.6 General Transition Issues 95
9.7 Summary and Strategies 97

10.0 GOSIP CROSS-REFERENCE 99
10.1 Introduction 99
10.2 Interaction of Other Programs with Gosip 99
10.2.1 FTS-2000 99
10.2.2 EDI 99
10.2.3 RDA and SQL 101
10.2.4 FDDI 101
10.2.5 POSIX 101
10.2.6 Security 101
10.2.7 CALS 102
10.2.8 Future Formats 102
10.3 General Advice 102

APPENDIX A: OSI TUTORIAL INFORMATION 105
APPENDIX B: ADDITIONAL OSI REFERENCES 141
APPENDIX C: NIST/OSI WORKSHOP PARTICIPANTS LIST 151
APPENDIX D: USERS` GUIDE EVALUATION FORM 155
REFERENCES 155

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